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To do business in India, you can review the Doing business in Indiaguide. It highlights the country’s main business sectors and outlines the risks and benefits of expanding into this market. Additional resources For more guides, blogs and articles, visit EDC TradeInsights for India Market information about Asia Pacific."

To do business in China, you can review the Doing business in China guide. It highlights the country’s main business sectors and outlines the risks and benefits of expanding into this market. Additional resources For more guides, blogs and articles, visit EDC TradeInsights for China Market information about Asia Pacific."

If you’re interested in expanding to South Korea, you don’t have to go it alone. Export Development Canada’s (EDC) financial and knowledge services can help you understand the opportunities and make exporting less risky. Our Business Connections Program promotes Canadian capabilities to international buyers and introduces them."

...hnical consulting on large-scale projects related to the clean energy transition may also represent an opportunity for Canadian firms. Once fully implemented, the Canada-KoreaSouth Korean companies have already made investments in Canada, and more is expected in the near term. Additional resources How Canadian exporters will benefit from our."

...trade Commissioner service. the report has several useful links, among them a list of law firms operating in the country. http://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/document.jsp?did=29813&cid=512&oid=32 http://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/eng/document.jsp?did=41197 eDC | Doing business in China20 3 estabLishing YouR PResenCe in China."

Indonesia has made great strides in improving its business environment, but there are still barriers to consider, especially for Canadian companies looking to enter the market. Let’s start with corruption. Indonesia ranks 110 out of 180 countries on the corruption index by Transparency International (see how it compares against the world average).."

Export Development Canada (EDC) has identified South Korea as a “hidden gem” for Canadian companies seeking to diversify from traditional markets. A gateway into the Indo-Pacific region, South Korea’s combination of high growth and stability offers sizable opportunities for Canadian exporters and investors. South Korea’s 51.8."

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Oana Labes President Financiario Posts by Oana Blog November 06, 2024 Rising interest rates trigger defaults in emerging markets EDC's Richard Schuster shares the origin of the financial crisis and how exporters can prepare for this potential risk. Article October 24, 2024 article-test-10-16 Success Story success-story-test success-story-test Article October 16, 2024 Fuggles & Warlock Craftworks: Bringing unique craft beer to Asian markets Learn how Fuggles & Warlock CraftWorks stood out in a B.C.’s crowded craft beer market to bring craft beer to Asian markets. Trade Matters July 22, 2024 Beginning the descent Key central banks manage careful interest rate pivot Case Study malesuada et sagittis sed Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Nullam enim sapien, malesuada et sagittis sed Guide July 10, 2024 Global Economic Outlook—Summer 2024 With unemployment continuing to rise and slumping global demand, Canadian companies are facing new potential risks. EDC’s Global Economic Outlook provides insights, including overviews of key countries, to help you make better business decisions. Guide July 10, 2024 Global Financial Markets Keep track of the international markets that matter to your business. Get the latest financial and macroeconomic information for both developed and emerging markets. Guide July 10, 2024 Manage volatility with EDC’s Commodity Tracker Commodity prices can impact exporting, global trade and your business, so it’s important to be prepared for the challenges ahead. Podcast July 10, 2024 Celebrating first season of Export Impact Podcast EDC host and fashion guru Joe Mimran offers his top highlights from the first season of The Export Impact Podcast. Webinar Land and expand: Marketing strategies in foreign markets Understand how an international marketing strategy provides the edge to drive growth. Trade Matters July 04, 2024 Canada’s shadow trade sector Direct investment abroad and the impact of Canadian foreign affiliates Podcast June 26, 2024 Southeast Asia: A wealth of opportunities Jeff Nankivell of APF Canada and EDC’s Joe Mimran discuss Southeast Asia’s growing potential Article June 20, 2024 Indigenous companies well-positioned to capitalize on Canada’s net zero transition Learn about the opportunities and resources available to Indigenous companies Webinar Breaking borders: Unlocking Indo-Pacific markets Build your strategic knowledge, navigate cultural nuances, and expand to this dynamic region with confidence. Article June 12, 2024 Building your business growth plan Find out how to make a detailed roadmap to take your business where you want it to go. Podcast June 12, 2024 Investing in niche markets for global growth With EDC’s help, Valsoft is seizing investment opportunities in foreign markets for optimal growth. Success Story Connecting Compass Food Sales to the world of global trade Learn how EDC helped kickstart this company’s export business Article June 07, 2024 Doing business in Japan: Insights for Canadian exporters Take a fresh look at one of Canada’s largest trade markets Trade Matters June 06, 2024 Deep-CETA’d ties Canada-EU trade agreement offers exporters access to diverse market Article June 03, 2024 Chile: A market to watch for Canadian exporters Chile has become Canada’s top investment destination in South and Central America Podcast May 28, 2024 Extending the global reach of Indigenous art Discover how Mini Tipi’s passion for its partners and customers led to organic growth into global markets. Article May 27, 2024 How the upcoming U.S. election could impact Canadian companies EDC’s David Weiner offers tips for medium-sized Canadian exporters entering the United States. Trade Matters May 23, 2024 Exporters ready to shrug off post-pandemic malaise Despite lingering challenges, trade confidence resilient Success Story Coulson Aviation: Fighting wildfires from the air; managing risks on the ground BC firefighting company explores new Indo-Pacific markets with help from EDC Article May 16, 2024 The outlook according to Canadian exporters As Canadian exporters navigate their way through myriad conditions, our mid-year Trade Confidence Index reveals that Canadian businesses continue to forge ahead in the face of multiple economic and geopolitical challenges. Read this report to discover what else is top of mind for them, including their countries of interest when planning to expand overseas. Podcast May 15, 2024 Opportunities in Southeast Asian Markets Find out how expanding into Southeast Asia could be a strategic next step for your business. Trade Matters May 09, 2024 Resilience key to thriving in uncertain times EDC’s Country Risk Quarterly takes stock of evolving risk landscape Article May 08, 2024 Doing business in Vietnam: Catch this rising star in the Indo-Pacific Discover why this market is brimming with opportunity for Canadian business. Article May 07, 2024 North American economic snapshot: Insights & trends U.S. economy expected to outshine other G7 countries Guide May 07, 2024 Banking tips to get better financing for your business Key tips on how to optimize business financing from your bank. Podcast May 01, 2024 Leveraging setbacks to reach global goals Hear Sheertex’s story from the CEO herself and discover what’s next for this maker of no-rip pantyhose. Article April 23, 2024 Getting active in South Korea’s fast-paced health and wellness sector This booming market has significant potential for Canadian exporters Article April 23, 2024 Rewards & risks of export payment terms EDC’s Emiliano Introcaso and Ryan Oxley outline the rewards and risks of export payment terms. Podcast April 17, 2024 Fostering trade expertise for export success Learn how international trade training and other resources helped Survival Systems Limited succeed globally. Article April 12, 2024 How project financing helped a Canadian gas company become a global wind energy leader Northland Power Inc. further expands within global markets Trade Matters April 11, 2024 Are we there yet? Path to normalization continues, as global economy moves beyond pandemic, geopolitical volatilities Article April 09, 2024 Manage risk through market diversification Learn how selling into multiple markets can help your business thrive. Podcast April 03, 2024 Exploring doing business in India Exploring business in India with Canadian exporters, Joe Mimran, Eloise Harvey & Ladislau Papara. Trade Matters March 29, 2024 Crude awakening Challenging outlook for traditional energy requires innovative approach by Canada’s oil producers Article March 21, 2024 How joining a trade mission can accelerate your export plans Meet local companies, distributors and partners in your target market Podcast March 20, 2024 Certn: Building trust internationally Discover how Certn, a background check company, is transforming hiring processes world-wide. Article March 19, 2024 Incoterms 2020: Understanding the Group D and FOB rules EDC trade advisor Emiliano Introcaso explains four rules pertaining to the delivery of exported goods. Article March 15, 2024 Incoterms 2020: Understanding the FCA rule The key for FCA is to specify the delivery point in the contract of sale. Trade Matters March 14, 2024 2024: The year the world votes EDC’s Country Risk Quarterly cuts through the noise amid the uncertainty in critical election year Article March 14, 2024 Incoterms 2020: Understanding the Ex Works rule An EDC Export Help advisor takes a closer look at the first incoterm – EXW. Article March 07, 2024 Sheertex: Poking a hole in disposable pantyhose Sheertex is a Canadian company that manufactures pantyhose that are 10 times stronger than steel. Podcast March 06, 2024 Challenging the status quo for global success Discover Nita Tandon’s journey from making safe housewares for her family to reaching consumers abroad. Success Story Steely determination: Dalcini is making the world healthier—one lunchbox at a time Dalcini Stainless sells durable, chemical-free food storage containers made of stainless steel. Trade Matters February 29, 2024 Net zero pathfinder Support for SMEs critical to Canada’s economic, climate success Podcast February 21, 2024 Competing on quality in global markets Learn how Craft&Crew built its reputation overseas for long- term success and growth. Article February 21, 2024 Exporting to India: Top 12 etiquette tips Expanding your Canadian business to India? Here are 12 tips to navigate Indian business culture. Article February 20, 2024 How Pyrowave uses microwaves to break down plastics Creating a circular economy and addressing the global waste crisis Guide February 15, 2024 Business ethics 101 Ethical behaviour is essential to being a resilient, well-respected company Trade Matters February 15, 2024 New year, old problems Red Sea supply chain disruptions underscore resiliency imperative Guide February 15, 2024 Business ethics checklist A step-by-step guide to promote and maintain an ethical culture Article February 14, 2024 Creating growth opportunities for Black exporters Learn about the initiatives and connections available to Black-owned businesses Article February 13, 2024 StrikeUP 2024: Empowering women entrepreneurs to drive change Digital conference, co-sponsored by EDC, is designed to empower women through trade. Podcast February 07, 2024 Gazing east: Canada's markets of the future Learn about the importance of the Indo-Pacific market to Canadian businesses looking to expand globally. Article February 06, 2024 Saving the world by design: Goodee offers better products for a better life Learn about the evolution of this ethical home décor brand Success Story Three Farmers Foods sees big potential in the Indo-Pacific Plant-based snackables company Three Farmers Foods sets their sights on new Asian markets. Article February 02, 2024 Doing business in Australia: Opportunities for Canadian exporters Learn what makes Australia a great place to establish your foothold in the Indo-Pacific."

required to reach the country. The United States is by far Canada’s top trading partner for services, consistently accounting for around 54% of services exports from 2015 to 2024. The U.S. is also the largest source of inbound tourists to Canada, making up approximately 80% of all international visitors. The European Union (EU) and the Indo-Pacific region account for about 13% each of Canada’s service exports. Canada’s service export growth has been consistent over the past few years. From 2015 to 2023, Canada achieved a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 0.72% in services exports, slightly ahead of the OECD average of 0.69% and the G7 average of 0.70%. This steady rise places Canada among the stronger performers within developed economies, with the second-highest growth rate of services exports within the G7 from 2015 to 2023, surpassed only by the U.S. Canada’s services exports sector also outperformed Australia, which had a slightly lower services export growth rate at 0.65% and Mexico—Canada’s partner in the Canada- United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA)—at 0.66%. This consistent growth in Canada’s services exports comes at a time when global markets are increasingly recognizing the value of services. Between 2022 and 2023, services export growth for the G7 was 8.6%, vastly outpacing overall export growth for the OECD at only 1.2%. This trend reflects a broader global shift toward high-value service-based economies, in which Canada is gradually finding its place. Despite these gains, there’s still ample room for further growth by expanding into high-growth areas such as cleantech, research and digital services. Expanding trade with markets outside of traditional trading partners, like the Indo-Pacific, also presents another key opportunity. 1% 1% 32% 64% 8% 12% 58% 23% Figure 9: Share of services exports by subcomponent, 2015-2024 (Canada versus Australia) Travel Transportation Commercial services Government services Canada Australia Source: Statistics Canada, Australian Bureau of Statistics, EDC Economics Figure 11: CAGR of services exports (2015-2023) Source: World Bank, Statistics Canada, EDC Economics. Note: For U.S. and OECD, we use data from 2018 to 2021. *Not elsewhere specified (NES) U.S. Canada Total G7 Total OECD Mexico Australia 78 72 70 69 66 65 Figure 10: Share of Canada’s services exports by destination (2015-2024) 5% Share of U.K. in service exports 2% Latin America (Brazil & Mexico) 7% Other Asia6% China & Hong Kong 13% Europe 54% United States 13% Others Source: Statistics Canada, EDC Economics Sectors in focus—December 2024 | 21 Market demand in Southeast Asia: Trends and opportunities —Nadeem Rizwan, country risk analyst, and Gabriel Vermette, senior associate country risk analyst The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is an economic bloc in Southeast Asia comprising 10 member countries: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam. With a collective gross domestic product (GDP) exceeding US$3.78 trillion in 2023 and a combined population of more than 689 million in 2023, ASEAN is a major hub for global manufacturing and trade. It’s also one of the fastest-growing consumer markets, driven by a burgeoning middle class. As ASEAN continues its impressive growth trajectory, deepening trade relations with the region is crucial for Canada to diversify its trade portfolio and reduce dependency on traditional markets. Below, we explore the evolution of ASEAN imports from Canada and the world, identifying trends and opportunities for Canadian exporters in the region. The ASEAN region is experiencing rapid growth in merchandise imports, creating significant opportunities for Canadian exporters. From 2017 to 2023, ASEAN merchandise imports increased by slightly more than 36%, reaching approximately US$1.7 trillion in 2023 and accounting for 7.8% of the world’s merchandise imports. On a compound annual basis, ASEAN’s average goods import growth rate of 5.3% outpaced both the global rate of 3.9% and the United States’ rate of 4.7% during the same period. Singapore is the largest goods import market in ASEAN, accounting for nearly one-quarter of the region’s total imports from the world in 2023. It’s followed by Vietnam (19.2%), Thailand (16.2%), Malaysia (15.6%), Indonesia (12.9%), and the Philippines (7.9%). Export Development Canada (EDC) has a regional office in Singapore and representation in Indonesia, Japan, Vietnam and the Philippines to support Canadian exporters entering these markets. 22 | Sectors in focus—December 2024 Most ASEAN imports are from Asia, with China being the largest supplier. China’s share of ASEAN imports grew from 20.3% in 2017 to 23.1% in 2022. Imports from other unspecified Asian countries22 also rose from 5.6% to 7% of total imports. In contrast, import shares from South Korea, Japan, and the United States all declined (see Figure 13) over the same period. Although ASEAN imports from Canada grew by 54.9% from 2017 to 2022, Canada’s market share remained stagnant at 0.5%, ranking as the 26th-largest import source in 2022. This underscores the potential for growth in Canadian exports to the ASEAN region. In 2022, more than 50% of ASEAN imports were electronics, machinery and mineral fuels, reflecting a strong demand for manufacturing and technology products. The share of electronics in ASEAN imports increased from 23.7% in 2017 to 25.9% in 2022, while machinery’s share declined from 12.5% to 10.4%. As ASEAN industrializes and moves up the value chain, demand for sophisticated industrial products will grow. High sourcing concentration from China makes ASEAN vulnerable to supply chain disruptions, highlighting the need for import diversification and a potential opportunity for Canadian exporters. 22 The UN doesn’t disseminate trade statistics referring to Taiwan. However, trade data of “Other Asia, not elsewhere specified” may be a good proxy for Taiwan trade. In theory, trade data for territories belonging to Asia, but not specified by country, could end up in this category, but in practice, only trade of Taiwan is included under this code. Source: https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/ en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37 Import demand for agriculture and food products (including cereal, meat, seafood, processed food, etc.) has remained stable, marginally increasing from 7.5% of total ASEAN imports in 2017 to 7.7% in 2022. The outlook is expected to remain steady, driven by rising incomes and food security needs. The market share of the leading ASEAN imports from Canada is nuanced. Fertilizers and wood pulp are the top categories, with Canada holding 18.1% and 10.9% market share, respectively, ranking second in both. Cereals, meat and edible meat offal, and oilseeds show decent market positions, ranking within the Top 10 (Table 2). Source: UN Comtrade, EDC Economics Figure 12: ASEAN imports by country 7.9% Philippines 16.7% Thailand 12.9% Indonesia 15.6% Malaysia 24.6% Singapore 3.3% Others 19.2% Vietnam Figure 13: Top 5 ASEAN import sources and Canada China Republic of Korea Japan Other Asia (*NES) United States Canada 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 Source: World Bank, Statistics Canada, EDC Economics Note: For U.S. and OECD, we use data from 2018 to 2021 https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37 https://www.cepii.fr/CEPII/en/bdd_modele/bdd_modele_item.asp?id=37 Sectors in focus—December 2024 | 23 Harmonized System (HS) code 2-digit Product category Import share % of total import 85 Electrical machinery and equipment 25.9 27 Mineral fuels and oils 18.0 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers and machinery 10.4 39 Plastics and articles thereof 3.7 72 Iron and steel 3.2 71 Pearls, precious stones and metals 3.2 87 Vehicles other than railway or tramway 2.8 90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic apparatus 2.3 29 Organic chemicals 2.0 38 Miscellaneous chemical products 1.6 Source: UN Comtrade, EDC Economics Table 1: Top 10 product categories imported by ASEAN, 2022 Harmonized System (HS) code 2-digit Product category % of ASEAN total import from Canada Canadian market share per product in ASEAN (%) Rank in the market in terms of market share 31 Fertilizers 24.4 18.1 2 84 Nuclear reactors, boilers and machinery 13.7 0.7 19 10 Cereals 10.4 5.2 7 47 Pulp of wood 6.4 10.9 2 85 Electrical machinery and equipment 5.6 0.1 25 71 Pearls, precious stones and metals 4.6 0.7 20 02 Meat and edible meat offal 3.8 4.5 6 12 Oilseeds 3.7 4.6 5 44 Wood and articles of wood 2.4 3.4 7 90 Optical, photographic, cinematographic apparatus 2.3 0.5 24 Source: UN Comtrade, EDC Economics Table 2: Top 10 product category imported from Canada by ASEAN and their status, 2022 24 | Sectors in focus—December 2024 However, in nuclear reactors, boilers and machinery and in electronics, Canada ranks 19th and 25th, respectively, in terms of market share. Given Canada’s competitive advantage in broad categories such as machineries, electronics, oilseeds and wood products, there’s significant potential for Canada to further increase its market share in these categories. Canadian exporters face significant competition from both regional and global players in the ASEAN market. ASEAN operates as a free trade area, allowing member countries to trade among themselves under minimal to no tariffs. ASEAN has free trade agreements with China, Japan, Korea, India, Australia and New Zealand. The United States already has a substantial presence in ASEAN, while Australia views Southeast Asia as vital to reduce its economic dependence on China. Although a Canada-ASEAN free trade agreement is under negotiation,"

Partnering with another company is one of the most effective ways to expand your customer base. Besides gaining free advertising in several new demographics, strategic partnerships also allow you to provide more value to your existing customers. These collaborations are just as beneficial for businesses of all sizes, provided each partner knows how to build, cultivate and make the most of the partnership. But it’s essential to find the right fit. Once you've found your partner, you can work together to build something that will benefit you both for years to come.

A global partner should be a natural extension of your business development and sales team, and allow you to reach markets you couldn’t explore or conquer on your own.

Most startups and smaller companies can find it hard to sell their products or services in foreign markets unless they have a local partner. But even mid-size companies often start their international expansion by partnering with local representatives before eventually hiring their own in-market team. The key factor in successful market expansion is often product localization and a solid market entry strategy.

Best practices for conducting business with partners include:

• Setting clear expectations and eliminating confusion for both companies’ leaders, employees and customers in areas such as revenue share, intellectual property (IP) rights, and roles and responsibilities.
• Considering your partner as an extension of your team and ensuring there won’t be any overlap in offerings that could generate competition between you and your partner.
• Giving the partnership room to grow. You’re not just pooling resources; you’re also combining both companies’ ability to scale as quickly as possible.
• Always being honest and transparent, while maintaining frequent open communication and personal interaction.
• Ensuring you and your partner are aligned on values, expectations and objectives of the partnership.

With our partners at MaRS, we’ve co-created useful resources to help you learn how to establish international partnerships for global expansion, including this article in our MaRS x EDC’s International Growth Collection.

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Identifying and connecting local partners and suppliers Working with partners can help you reduce the risks, including complex regulations, language barriers and market uncertainties, of selling globally. Here’s how to choose a reliable partner: The Supplier Selection Process guide by Info Entrepreneurs offers a step-by-step approach to choosing suppliers.Shopify’s article, Find a Manufacturer or Supplier for Your Product in 2025, compares domestic and overseas suppliers. It’s full of great tips to help you request a quote and negotiate minimum order quantities.The Trade Commissioner Service’s (TCS) Step-by-Step Guide to Exporting, Step 6: Entering your target market (Section 6.5 and 6.6) can help you evaluate and select partners.Connecting with local industry associations can help with finding potential business partners. Agents and distributors Agents sell products for you. You usually keep full control over pricing, branding, marketing and financial transactions. You’ll also need to manage credit checks and customs clearance.  Distributors buy products from you and resell them to customers. This means they take over control of pricing, branding, marketing, customs clearance and customer care. You can learn more about the pros and cons of using agents and distributors in Export Development Canada’s (EDC) guide, Finding, training and managing international agents and distributors.Strategies for optimizing international distributors by IBT Partners provides information on identifying distributors online and offline, engaging distributors online and offline, supporting your distributor, managing distributor networks, overcoming challenges and best practice recommendations.Additional resources7 steps of a strategic procurement process | Trade ReadySupplier relationship management: Strategies & best practices | J.P. MorganEDC InList "

Doing business in the European Union A new trade deal with Europe means opportunities for Canadian firms. Doing Business in the European Union is your guide to exporting to the EU, from finding out where opportunities lie to developing strategies to use them. Access the first chapter Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Discover what the European market has to offer Learn the benefits of CETA See how CETA can help your business expand into the EU Find your place in the market Learn which sectors hold the most opportunity across the EU economy Prepare your strategy Get updated on strategies and rules before entering the EU market Contents Canada, the EU and CETA Opportunity sectors in the EU Market entry strategies for the EU Following the rules of the EU trade deal Finding help and information to sell in Europe Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Date modified: 2018-09-21"

Doing business in the European Union A new trade deal with Europe means opportunities for Canadian firms. Doing Business in the European Union is your guide to exporting to the EU, from finding out where opportunities lie to developing strategies to use them. Access the first chapter Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Discover what the European market has to offer Learn the benefits of CETA See how CETA can help your business expand into the EU Find your place in the market Learn which sectors hold the most opportunity across the EU economy Prepare your strategy Get updated on strategies and rules before entering the EU market Contents Canada, the EU and CETA Opportunity sectors in the EU Market entry strategies for the EU Following the rules of the EU trade deal Finding help and information to sell in Europe Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Date modified: 2018-09-21"

South Korea’s business environment isn’t without its challenges. “South Korea’s consumer market is extremely dynamic. They’re setting regional and global trends right now,” notes Joy Rankothge, Export Development Canada’s chief representative for South Korea. “To be successful, Canadian companies will need to adapt to the fast-paced changes and scale up to meet the demands of the local market.”

Some of the biggest barriers in South Korea for Canadian businesses include:

• A complex regulatory environment
• Managing logistics in a distant market
• Strong competition from domestic and foreign suppliers
• Not understanding local needs, tastes and rapidly evolving trends
• Unfamiliarity with the domestic companies that dominate Korean e-commerce
• A hierarchical and insular business culture that many foreigners find difficult to navigate

Given these complications, engaging a local partner who speaks Korean and understands local traditions, norms and processes can help Canadian businesses break into the market.

Additional resources

• How Canadian exporters will benefit from our Indo-Pacific strategy | EDC
• Indo-Pacific potential | EDC
• Indo-Pacific market intelligence | EDC
• Market Entry Advisors | EDC
• Doing business in South Korea | EDC

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Doing business in the European Union A new trade deal with Europe means opportunities for Canadian firms. Doing Business in the European Union is your guide to exporting to the EU, from finding out where opportunities lie to developing strategies to use them. Access the first chapter Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Discover what the European market has to offer Learn the benefits of CETA See how CETA can help your business expand into the EU Find your place in the market Learn which sectors hold the most opportunity across the EU economy Prepare your strategy Get updated on strategies and rules before entering the EU market Contents Canada, the EU and CETA Opportunity sectors in the EU Market entry strategies for the EU Following the rules of the EU trade deal Finding help and information to sell in Europe Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Date modified: 2018-09-21"

Doing business in the European Union A new trade deal with Europe means opportunities for Canadian firms. Doing Business in the European Union is your guide to exporting to the EU, from finding out where opportunities lie to developing strategies to use them. Access the first chapter Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Discover what the European market has to offer Learn the benefits of CETA See how CETA can help your business expand into the EU Find your place in the market Learn which sectors hold the most opportunity across the EU economy Prepare your strategy Get updated on strategies and rules before entering the EU market Contents Canada, the EU and CETA Opportunity sectors in the EU Market entry strategies for the EU Following the rules of the EU trade deal Finding help and information to sell in Europe Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Date modified: 2018-09-21"

Electrification is a big part of the ECT story, with Canadian exports of clean electricity and electricity from renewable sources at nearly $2 billion in 2020. Most of these exports are derived from renewable sources, and along with lowcarbon (i.e., nuclear) sources, are expected to increase in the coming years.

• Electrification will be all-encompassing across the industry, as well as in housing and commercial construction.
• This bodes well for Canadian cleantech firms since much of the focus in Canada has been on the renewable energy sector—mainly wind and solar.
• These activities offer potential for micro-grids or “non-utility” production, combined with advancements in storage that can cater to the needs of large energy consumers without depending on provincial energy operators or governments. This is a more decentralized business model powered by smart grids, owned by private landowners or communities, and capable of generating and distributing power to meet local needs, while also generating cash flows to cover investment and operating costs and generate positive returns.
• Such grids have potential worldwide and are most needed in emerging markets where electricity access is much lower.
• For instance, less than half of Sub-Saharan African households and small businesses have access to electricity. There are several countries in the world outside of Africa where access to electricity is at or below 75%.
• With the Trade Commissioner Service (TCS) posted in cities where major development banks are located, there’ll be opportunities for Canadian exporters to make investments in support of clean power production, transmission and distribution in emerging markets.
• Generally, Canadian exporters have shown limited success in the export of ECT services with no upward trajectory based on 2012-2020 figures.
• Despite relatively limited growth in cleantech exports from Canada since 2018, several Canadian firms are showing favourable prospects for the future. They include:
• Ekona Power, a developer of process for production of industrial scale hydrogen, clean power and pure CO2
• General Fusion, a developer of private fusion energy systems, specializing in magnetized target fusion

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As globalization makes inroads in Brazil, a major gap in infrastructure has been exposed. Now, looking to create and modernize railways, power utilities, telecommunications, water and natural gas infrastructure, as well as schools, health care and national parks, Brazil is undergoing widespread privatization. To do so, it’s investing in programs aimed at giving concessions to private companies and privatizing assets that can be best managed by private sector interests through improved efficiencies.

Another growth area for Canadian exporters is agri-business. Although Brazil is a world leader in agricultural production—it boasts one of the most modern agri-businesses in the world—it lacks the infrastructure to move goods.

Brazil has a noteworthy pharmaceutical industry with a global reputation for vaccine production and research. The Brazilian Ministry of Economy registered 418 pharma-manufacturing plants in 2018; in 2020, the pharma industry was valued at $26 billion.

Despite that success, the private health sector, which services 40 million people or 25% of the country’s population, is a growth area for foreign investment and services.

The health-care sector is going through consolidation and enhancement of efficiencies—it’s a sector looking for solutions. Key areas for Canadian companies are services, infrastructure and digital transformation.

• Brazil is Canada’s third-largest trading partner in the Americas after the United States and Mexico, with merchandise trade between the countries valued at $7.7 billion in 2019.
• Top Canadian exports include fertilizer, newsprint, heavy equipment and aircraft and aircraft parts. Canadian direct investment in Brazil is $12.2 billion, making it the 15th-largest destination for investment.
• The Trade Commissioner Service (TCS) has identified opportunities for Canadian commerce in information technology, digital technology, education, life sciences, power and renewable energy, aerospace and agri-food.
• Brazil’s poor education system is an area of opportunity; Canada is also the single-largest recipient of Brazilian students seeking language training, university and advanced education.

Additional resources

• Export Development Canada’s country and market info pages about Brazil 
• Sustainable and responsible business conduct in Brazil | EDC
• Cultural tips for doing business in Latin America | EDC
• Doing business in Brazil | TCS
• Brazil-Canada Chamber of Commerce (BCCC)
• Canada and Mercosur | Government of Canada

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With its vast economy, India offers opportunities across a wide range of industries. Sectors, in which Canada has a comparative advantage for exports, include:

• Infrastructure
• Artificial intelligence (AI)
• Cleantech, renewable energy,
• Agri-food and agricultural technologies
• Electric vehicles (EV)
• Health care
• Advanced manufacturing

As with many large, populous nations, there’s no single “Indian market.” India’s regions are diverse, and each regional market has millions of consumers. This fact is good news for medium-sized Canadian businesses. With good market research and an effective export strategy, it’s possible to find plenty of customers for your products and services, which can simplify market entry.

Additional resources

• How Canadian exporters will benefit from our Indo-Pacific strategy | Export Development Canada (EDC)
• Cultural tips for doing business in India | EDC
• Canadian SME Gateway to India | Trade Commissioner Service (TCS)
• Indo-Pacific potential | EDC
• Indo-Pacific market intelligence | EDC
• Market Entry Advisors | EDC
• Reflections on India: 4 lessons learned from Canadian exporter | EDC
• Doing business in India: Tips for importing and exporting| EDC

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FOR CANADIAN EXPORTERS AND INVESTORS Mexico is also a gateway to other key markets in Latin America. As such, Mexico can provide a base for Canadian ICT firms that want to open new markets in the Caribbean and Central and South America. 8EDC | Guide to doing business in Mexico | March 2023 Automotive The automotive sector in Mexico is globally recognized for its outstanding capacity to manufacture passenger vehicles, heavy and specialized vehicles and automotive parts. Mexico ranks as the seventh-largest country in vehicle production and, is the fifth-largest country in vehicle exports. The automotive industry contributes 21% of the country’s manufacturing GDP. This sector has become a net receiver of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), comprising 13% of the total foreign capital received in Mexico, due to its strategic location in the so-called Bajio (bah-hee-oh) region comprised by four central states: Guanajuato, Aguas- calientes, Querétaro and Jalisco. As a result of its strategic location, as well as the con- centration of more than 600 Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) and key Tier 1 and Tier 2 suppliers, the sector benefits from competitive production costs, efficient logistics and skilled labour. This clearly maximizes the business potential for Canadian investors and for Canadian suppliers. The players that are present in the Mexican market have appetite for parts manufacturers of: • engine • electrical components • gearboxes • drive axles • steering wheels • precision assembly devices • machined parts • hybrid vehicle parts • suspension systems • semiconductors Plastic parts, electronics and technologies for emission reduction are also in high demand. With CUSMA in place, the more robust rules of origin for automotive are expected to in- centivize production within Canada, the U.S. and Mexico, maintain the competitiveness of the North American auto industry and ensure well-paying jobs. 2. PRIORITY SECTORS FOR CANADIAN EXPORTERS AND INVESTORS https://www.international.gc.ca/trade-commerce/trade-agreements-accords-commerciaux/agr-acc/cusma-aceum/auto.aspx?lang=eng 9EDC | Guide to doing business in Mexico | March 2023 Mining According to the Mexican Ministry of Economy, Mexico leads the world’s production of silver and is also among the Top 10 producers of 16 different minerals: silver, bismuth, fluorite, celestite, wollastonite, cadmium, molybdenum, lead, zinc, diatomite, salt, barite, graphite, gypsum, gold and copper. Mexico is also the world’s fifth-largest recip- ient of FDI for mining and the first recipient of mining investment in Latin America. In 2019, the Government of Mexico identified 234 international mining companies operat- ing in Mexico, 75% of which are listed in the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). This shows the complementarity of the two countries. Canada is a global leader in the provision of mining services and the development of innovative technologies for the global mining industry. More than 3,000 companies provide technical, legal, financial, accounting, environmental, and other expertise to the industry. Many of these companies have a global presence, including in Mexico. Prior to 2017, many of our existing and prospective clients in Mexico focused on increasing mine efficiencies and reducing operating costs. While they continue to focus on these trends, they have also begun to embrace innovation and to implement cutting-edge technologies such as clean technologies aiming to reduce carbon emissions, improve water manage- ment and energy storage. Aerospace According to the Mexican Aerospace Industry Federation (FEMIA), the aerospace indus- try in Mexico has had a steady annual growth since 2004, when the sector accounted for only 100 companies. Today, there are more than 350 aerospace companies, mainly focused in design and engineering, manufacturing with an 80% of concentration, main- tenance-repair-overhaul facilities (MROs) and ancillary services (airline test, training centres, etc.) for commercial and military aircrafts. Mexico is a global leader in the aerospace industry and ranks as the sixth-largest exporter to the U.S. Many international aerospace firms have established their secondary-components supply chains in Mexico to benefit from its competitive operating costs, high levels of ed- ucation of the local workforce, well-developed aerospace infrastructure and strong reg- ulatory framework. A large number of these companies is concentrated in the northern region. In this area, the aerospace industry is focused on the generation of new technolo- gies and the promotion of clusters, in joint collaboration among companies, universities, R&D centres and local government offices. Mexico’s four principal states for the aerospace industry are: • Querétaro: Specialized in complex fuselage parts, landing gear, turbine design, manufacturing, assembly and maintenance. • Baja California: Develops the fuselage systems, power plants and main outsourcing for the aerospace and defence industry. • Sonora: Focused on the development of supply chains and innovation, and in the manufacturing of turbines and blades. The strength of this state is focused on R&D activities, in which the Sonora Institute for Advanced Manufacturing and Aerospace collaborates with private sector companies. • Chihuahua: Strong on the development of high-technologies, including precision machined products certification, repair and maintenance services. 2. PRIORITY SECTORS FOR CANADIAN EXPORTERS AND INVESTORS In 2019, the Government of Mexico identified 234 international mining companies operating in Mexico, 75% of which are listed in the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX). 10EDC | Guide to doing business in Mexico | March 2023 Forestry The main goal of Mexico’s forestry sector is to transform itself into a more sustainable segment, enhancing the way their natural resources have been historically exploited, and transforming it into an industry that can be fully tapped without endangering the country’s ecosystems. Through this transformation, the sector appears well-positioned to participate in a stronger way in the national economy, providing a new generation of employment that utilizes best practices, a broader supply of wood and non-wood products, and a full integration of the entire forest production chain. For Canadian providers, the forestry sector in Mexico offers potential in a variety of wood alternative products such as: • viscose cellulose (which could be used as a substitute for cotton) • other specialty cellulose with application in construction materials (used in mortar and adhesives) • food (used to modify ice crystals) • paints (used as a thickener) • and pharmaceutical (used as a tablet coating) However, it’s important to mention that the insertion of these products into supply chains is price sensitive. The retail home- improvement segment may also bring new opportunities for lumber producers. Mexico is home to some of the most important multinational firms in the sector that produce a number of consumable goods, such as diapers, wipes and hygiene products. This could provide opportunities both for forestry equipment and service providers, but also in other sectors, like light manufacturing and cleantech (recycling, power, water management). 2.3 INFRASTRUCTURE In 2019, the AMLO administration announced an ambitious infrastructure plan worth C$48 billion (about 20.5% of Mexico’s GDP), which includes highways, railways, ports, and investments in water, tourism and telecommunications. The Mexican government expects that most of the investment will come from the private sector, which is expected to attract more than C$3 billion in investment from pension funds and private invest- ment funds. Recognizing that lack of transparency has been one of the country’s Achilles heel to attract reputable international investors in the past, the government highlighted that the 147 projects that are part of the announcement will comply with standards set out by the Mexico’s Consejo Coordinador Empresarial (CCE). The current Mexican administration launched a platform called Mexico Projects Hub to provide information on investment opportunities in infrastructure and an assortment of other projects. 2. PRIORITY SECTORS FOR CANADIAN EXPORTERS AND INVESTORS In 2019, the AMLO administration announced an ambitious infrastruc- ture plan worth C$48 billion (about 20.5% of Mexico’s GDP), which includes highways, railways, ports, and investments in water, tourism and telecommunications. https://www.proyectosmexico.gob.mx/en/projects-hub/ 11EDC | Guide to doing business in Mexico | March 2023 2.4 RETAIL The retail sector is recognized for exhibiting a stable and continuous growth as a result of its high consumer confidence index, backed by a growing middle class and a robust upper class. Mexico offers opportunities for brands across all categories and segments, and this isn’t limited to the presence of products on store shelves but also via e-commerce. Changing lifestyles of the young demographics have created a trend and increased the demand for high-quality and healthier products, ready-to-eat foods, premium products, meat and deli, wellness, specialty and gourmet. In EDC’s view, this could lead to strong opportunities for Canadian companies in Mexico. Despite its outstanding performance, this is a price-sensitive sector where retailers are measured on the profitability of their categories and, as a result, more expensive products can be less appealing to consumers. Mexican retailers have expressed an appetite to explore different categories from various countries with the potential to be integrated into their private labels offering for premium and innovative products as well as some low-cost products, including commodities such"

Hong Kong is one of the world’s most important international financial centres. In 2022, the financial services industry was the top driver of its gross domestic product (GDP), followed by the trading and logistics industry.

The following resources will help you get information and trade data about the Canada-Hong Kong trade relationship:

Trade Data Online

• Trade Data Online is a powerful tool from Innovation, Science and Economic Development Canada (ISED) that can generate customized reports on Canada’s trade with more than 200 countries. The following reports may be of interest to you:
• The International Trade Explorer, 2023 outlines various trade relationships between Canada and Hong Kong.
• We recommend you begin your exploration from the International trade data page.

**The Canada-China Business Council (CCBC) **

• The CCBCis the voice of the Canadian business community on issues affecting Canada-China business, trade and investment. With a membership, you can access various trade/investment data between Hong Kong and Canada.
• CCBC’s 2022 Hong Kong-Canada Economic Ties report provides a fact-based overview of Canada-Hong Kong trade, investment and immigration relations.

Trade Commissioner Service (TCS)

• The TCS has offices around the world and has helped companies connect with local partners in-market. Contact **Carol Cheung, **the trade commissioner in Hong Kong, for insights on Hong Kong and Asian markets.
• You can reach the Trade Commissioner Service (TCS) at infocentrechina@international.gc.ca.
• The TCS has also published a fish and seafood sector profile for Hong Kong & Macao that you may find insightful. Sign up for a MyTCS account to access the report.

Federal Economic Development (FedDev) Ontario

Another option to obtain market intelligence is to work with a consultant who can help you conduct market research for your specific products.

• FedDev Ontario - Small Business Services offers free market research servicesto Ontario companies and can customize research for your industry sector,trends, and opportunitiesin North America. Contact them at 1-888-576-4444 or by email at info@feddevontario.gc.cafor more information.

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Germany is Canada’s largest export market in the European Union (EU) and our sixth-largest trading partner globally. Key export sectors for Canada include aerospace, advanced manufacturing, automotive products, life sciences, information and communications technologies, and agri-food.

The German market is also open to entrepreneurial investment in practically all areas, with good opportunities in several sectors:

• Germany is reinventing its auto industry from the ground up, especially in the areas of electric and hybrid drivetrains, autonomous driving, emission controls and smart technologies related to the sector.
• The German health-care market can be attractive, especially for investment in hospitals, nursing homes, rehabilitation facilities and medical-care centres. Nursing care, outpatient care, dentistry and ophthalmology can also offer good returns for investors.
• Germany intends to meet at least 80% of its energy needs through renewable sources by 2050. Investments in solar, wind, biomass, hydroelectricity, battery storage and other renewable technologies such as green hydrogen can be attractive.
• Technologies such as electronics, robotics and advanced software are being combined to support manufacturers’ efforts to save energy and resources.
• Digital technology is fostering the development of high-speed networks, open architectures and intelligent infrastructures that communicate with each other.

Additional resources

• EDC’s country and market info page about Germany 
• Cultural tips for doing business in Germany | EDC
• Germany at a glance | EDC
• Comprehensive and Economic Trade Agreement (CETA) | Canadian Trade Commissioner Service (TCS)
• Doing business in Germany | TCS 

Canadian German Chamber of Industry and Commerce (CGCIC)

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According to EDC economist, Daniel Benatuil with the Economic and Political Intelligence Centre, Peru offers export and investment opportunities across a range of sectors, including mining, infrastructure, renewable energy, agriculture and technology and financial technology. Sustainable development is also increasingly a focus, including climate-related investing.

Mining is one of the key Peruvian industrial sectors since Latin America is the largest producer of gold and lead, and the world’s second-largest source of copper, silver and zinc. Reflecting this is the size of the mining pipeline, which is composed of 46 projects worth US$56 billion. On the infrastructure and energy side, the government has established a 2021–2022 pipeline with 20 projects across various sectors, worth more than US$6 billion in all.

Additional resources

• EDC country and market info page about Peru 
• Doing business in Peru | Canadian Trade Commissioner Service (TCS) 
• Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) 
• Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 
• Peruvian Chamber of Commerce (PCCC) 

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Guide to doing business in the United States When selling in the U.S., it's best to view the country as a series of regional markets. As Canada’s largest trading partner, the biggest economy and the richest market in the world, the United States truly is a land of opportunity for Canadian businesses. With a long history of free trade between our two countries, it’s also one of the most accessible markets for companies of any size. Doing Business in the United States is your guide to exporting to the U.S., so you can build your market entry strategy and boost your business south of the border. Access the first chapter Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Discover what the American market has to offer Set up your strategy Choose a market entry strategy that will lead your business to success Find your place in the market Learn which states hold the most opportunity for your product or service Learn the rules of origin Stay updated on rules of origin and other trade compliance laws Contents The U.S. market Regional markets of the United States Planning your market entry to the U.S Trade compliance Logistics of trade with the U.S Finding help and information when exporting to the U.S Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Date modified: 2018-10-23"

Doing business in the European Union CETA is Canada’s biggest free trade deal since NAFTA and will create enormous opportunities for both Canada and the EU’s member countries Chapters Canada, the EU and CETA Canada, the EU and CETA In September 2017, the Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) came into provisional effect. Because it covers not only trade in goods and services but also investment flows and the movement of people, CETA promises a new era for Canadian companies that want to diversify into Europe. In this chapter 1.1 The European Union and Canada: A snapshot 1.2 Why CETA is important 1.1 The European Union and Canada: A snapshot The European Union (EU) is made up of 28 countries1 with a combined population of about half a billion people. This makes it one of the largest markets on earth. Not only that, it’s the world’s second-biggest economy after the United States, with a GDP of around US$17 trillion in 2017. Canada has maintained a vibrant economic relationship with the EU for many years, but CETA will have far-reaching effects of its own. Even before the agreement came into force, Canada was exporting about $40 billion2 in goods and $18 billion in services to the EU every year. At the same time, EU nations were providing us with around $61 billion worth of goods and $24 billion worth of services annually. CETA is Canada’s biggest free trade deal since NAFTA and will create enormous opportunities for both Canada and the EU’s member countries The EU Trade Helpdesk The EU Trade Helpdesk is a centralized source of information for companies that want to export to the EU. It covers import regulations, taxes, rules of origin, product classification, import statistics and much more. 1.2 Why CETA is important If your company is already operating in the EU, CETA may help you expand your business there. If you haven’t yet diversified into the EU but would like to do so, CETA can make it considerably easier for you to enter the European market. The agreement’s major features include the following: 1.2.1 – Tariff provisions When CETA came into effect in 2017, it immediately eliminated 98.4% of tariffs on all non-agricultural Canadian goods entering the EU. Within seven years, 98.8% of these goods will be tariff-free. In response, Canada will remove 98% of its tariffs on the same goods coming from the EU. 1.2.2 – Transition periods There are transition periods of three to seven years for ships, automotive products and certain agricultural goods in Canada, while poultry and eggs are excluded. Canadian import quotas on EU dairy products will rise but the tariffs on such imports, above those quotas, will remain. For details on the goods affected, and how the tariff reductions or quotas will work, refer to the CETA Chapter Summaries on the Global Affairs Canada web site. 1.2.3 – Rules of origin CETA provides Canadian exporters with clear rules of origin that take into consideration Canada’s supply chains. This will help companies determine which goods are considered “made in Canada” and thus gain preferential tariff treatment when entering the EU. 1.2.4 – Regulatory and conformity cooperation CETA’s provisions will help reduce the differences in regulatory approaches between Canada and the EU. This will ultimately reduce non-tariff trade barriers on both sides. On the standards side, CETA’s conformity assessment protocol allows Canadian companies in several sectors to have EU-targeted products tested and certified in Canada. This will reduce conformity assessment costs and will benefit small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in particular. 1.2.5 – Services and labour mobility In the services sector, all parties providing services in the EU and Canada will be treated equally. There will be no import quotas on Canadian services or service providers in the EU, and the reverse will also be the case. In addition, Canadian service companies will not have to maintain a representative office in the EU, or be an EU resident, to supply services to EU customers. CETA’s temporary entry provisions will make it easier for professionals and businesspeople, such as engineers and senior managers, to work in the market. Business visitors without work permits will be allowed temporary entry for purposes of investment. 1.2.6 – Government procurement Canadian companies will be able to bid on EU government procurement contracts—a multi-trillion-dollar market. This applies to all levels of the EU government, including national, regional and local governments, and a large array of entities in the utilities sector. Europeans will likewise have access to Canadian government procurement contracts. However, CETA places some important restrictions on EU access in this area. These include exceptions for Canadian cultural industries, Aboriginal businesses, defence and R&D, and for services in the finance, recreation, sport, education and social and health-care sectors. 1.2.7 – Access to inputs and expertise Canadian companies will have access to EU materials, technology, intermediate inputs and skilled labour. Our exporters can take advantage of these resources to make their supply chains more competitive. 1.2.8 – Investment protection On the investment side, Canadian investors will be treated the same way as investors from within the EU. This should encourage investment by Canadian firms that want to join EU supply chains. What Brexit might mean for Canadian businesses As of summer 2018, British and EU negotiators were still working out the terms of the UK’s exit from the European Union (the so-called “Brexit”). This is formally scheduled to happen in March 2019, although some aspects of the current UK-EU relationship may persist for a while after that. While Britain remains a full EU member, CETA’s provisions will continue to apply to Canada-UK trade and investment. After Brexit, presumably, Canada and Britain will negotiate a new bilateral trade agreement. What such a deal might look like is uncertain, but it could be modelled on an improved CETA. According to an October 2017 report compiled by the Royal Bank of Canada, Brexit may have the following consequences for Canadian businesses operating in Britain: Many of the goods Canada ships to the UK already moved tariff-free before CETA and should continue to do so after Brexit. However, some products (such as certain machinery and equipment, and aircraft parts) could see pre-CETA tariffs reinstated. CETA’s labour mobility provisions make it easier for Canadian service providers to temporarily move staff between Canada and the EU, and to provide their services in the EU. After Brexit, and absent a new Canada-UK trade deal with similar mobility provisions, Canadian service providers would have less access to the UK Canadian businesses that have invested in the UK as a base for European operations might need to establish themselves on the Continent to retain their former access to the EU. Chapter 2 of 5: Key opportunity sectors in the EU 28 min read There are opportunity sectors for exporters and investors across the EU economy. The following sections examine several of the major industries in which Canadian companies may find attractive business opportunities. Continue reading Chapter 3 of 5: Market entry strategies 6 min read Developing a solid knowledge of your EU market or markets will help you select the best entry strategy for your company. Continue reading Chapter 4 of 5: Following the rules 10 min read CETA has made it easier to enter the EU market, but you’ll still need to comply with the rules and regulations that govern all companies doing business there. Continue reading Chapter 5 of 5: Finding help and information 3 min read Finding help and information Continue reading prevnext Date modified: 2019-01-23 Close"

or the communities impacted by your supply chain. Some important questions to ask yourself, are how closely do you understand local labour laws and standards? And what policies and practices do you have in place to prevent negative impacts on people? • Governance considers how a company polices its own ethical behaviour—everything from the structure and makeup of its board and executive teams, to mitigating risks of corruption and bribery throughout the organization and supply chain. Why is ESG important to investors and where’s that requirement coming from? ESG isn’t just the right thing to do. It strengthens your business, creates resiliency and will ultimately make you more attractive to your employees, customers, stakeholders and investors. When it comes to access to capital at EDC, we’re seeing more and more investors focusing on ESG—they want to know how companies are incorporating these considerations into their strategies. Strong ESG policies and practices demonstrate that you understand the risks and opportunities to your business, which ultimately makes you more attractive to investors. Today, some larger investors are turning away from companies that aren’t prioritizing ESG because it represents a financial and reputational risk to business. ESG considerations have also driven some insurers to limit coverage or investments in certain sectors. This trend will continue for the foreseeable future. What’s the difference between ESG and corporate social responsibility (CSR)? ESG is the evolution of CSR: While corporate social responsibility was once a “nice- to-have” for companies, strong ESG practices are now an imperative. Often, we associate CSR with a company’s philanthropic efforts or risk management practices that are specific to one team within an organization. Today, strong environmental, social and governance practices are integrated at the top, throughout the strategy and decision-making, and embodied within the culture of the corporation. CSR may have been described as a way to make businesses accountable, but strong ESG practices and quantifiable indicators are now making those efforts measurable. A key component of ESG is understanding risks and opportunities unique to your business and quanti- fying them with measurable outcomes. Justine Hendricks Senior vice-president and chief corporate sustainability officer, Sustainable Business and Enablement, Export Development Canada EDC | Going global: Empowering women through trade | March 2022 34 How are EDC clients employing their ESG policies? At EDC, we’re seeing companies of all sizes prioritizing ESG in their strategic planning. The most successful ones are those that demonstrate a commitment at the executive level, who devote time and energy to ensure ESG is embedded across all teams and levels of the company. Sometimes, it can be intimidating for smaller companies as there’s a lot of misunderstanding about what ESG is. It’s not just about climate and energy transition, for example. That’s just one component. ESG is about the structure and governance of your company, its HR policies regarding health and safety and inclusion, diversity and equity. ESG isn’t a one-size-fits-all. The key is to determine which ESG issues are import- ant to your business and get started. How can ESG criteria give women-led companies a competitive advantage? Incorporating ESG into your business strategy represents a competitive advantage for any company. It underlines that you understand the risks to your business, making you more resilient and attractive to all of your stakeholders. Another benefit is the oppor- tunities that ESG presents for innovation. When you understand the risks and gaps, you can find new and better ways of addressing them, differentiating yourself from the competition and positioning your growth. Want to learn more? Dive in deeper with EDC’s blog here. One last word… If a thing is worth doing, it’s worth doing right. That’s what this guide is about and it’s also the approach that EDC takes to supporting women-led industry. Although the resources available to women entrepreneurs can be overwhelming (or underwhelming, in some cases), we hope this guide has offered some insights and guidance for your next step in growth. Have any questions? There’s an entire team at EDC available to help. Contact us here. Media inquiries: media@edc.ca or 1-888-222-4065. References *Beckton, C., & McDonald, J. (2020). Grow global: Women entrepreneurs and export. Women Entre- preneurship Knowledge Hub, Export Development Canada, Business Development Bank of Canada. https://wekh.ca/research/grow-global-women-entrepreneurs-and-export/ https://www.edc.ca/en/blog/esg-plan-for-international-success.html https://www.edc.ca/women-in-trade mailto:media%40edc.ca?subject= tel:+18882224065 https://wekh.ca/research/grow-global-women-entrepreneurs-and-export/ ABOUT EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA Who are we? Export Development Canada (EDC) is Canada’s export credit agency. Our job is to support and develop Canada’s export trade by helping Canadian companies respond to international business opportunities. We’re a self-financing Crown Corporation that operates at arm’s length from the Government of Canada. Legal disclaimer EDC doesn’t represent or warrant the accurateness, timeliness or completeness of the infor- mation contained herein. EDC isn’t liable in any manner whatsoever for any loss or damage caused by or resulting from any inaccuracies, errors or omissions in the information contained in this document. This document isn’t intended to and doesn’t constitute legal, financial or tax advice nor should it be relied upon. For legal, financial or tax advice, please consult a qualified professional.  Copyright ©2022, Export Development Canada. All rights reserved."

Business takes longer in Colombia than it does in North America, and it can often feel like it’s one step forward and two steps back. Don’t get discouraged. Be persistent and keep following up. Pay attention to the market news and events that could impact public tenders. Do your due diligence: Invest time in getting to know your customer, understand their corporate governance, read through their sustainability reports, yearly plans and industry insights. All these will save you time and help you be more assertive in your meetings. It’s also a good idea to have your documents prepared in Spanish. This will tell your customers you’re ready to do business. Connect the dots: Colombia is a price-sensitive market. Prepare the argu- ments to defend your solution, focus on their needs and how your solution can add value to their operations. Always remember to connect the dots from the customer’s standpoint. Make them feel supported: Provide adequate structures and tools to support your customers before, during and after completing negotiations. Relationships don’t end after the transaction is completed. Build long-lasting partners. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT COLOMBIA › Remember: It’s Colombia, not Columbia. › Avoid referring to Colombia’s his- tory with drugs and cartels and even the television show, NarcosNarcos. › There are various business hubs in Colombia, be prepared to engage with companies based in cities other than Bogota, including Medellin, Cali and Barranquilla. › If you’re offered a tintotinto at a meeting in Colombia, don’t worry, they’re talking about coffee, not red wine. FOR MORE INFORMATION: › Visit EDC’s country and market info page about Colombia. › Visit the Canadian Trade Commissioner Service pages about Colombia. › Visit the Canada-Colombia Chamber of Commerce site. › Reach out to Isalba Inzunza, EDC’s chief representative for Colombia. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 5 KEY ETIQUETTE TIPS 9 https://www.edc.ca/en/country-info/country/colombia.html https://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/colombia-colombie/index.aspx?lang=eng https://www.cccc.com.co https://www.linkedin.com/in/isalbainzunza/ CHILE DOING BUSINESS IN EDC | Cultural tips for doing business in Latin America | April 2021 10 EDC | Cultural tips for doing business in Latin America | April 2021 Meeting your contact/client: To break into this market, there’s no substi- tute for face-to-face meetings. Chileans expect a personal and trusted rela- tionship with suppliers. Initial communication by phone or email is far less effective than an in-person or virtual meeting. To be successful, it’s essential to network actively and regularly. Meetings should be scheduled two weeks in advance, but always confirm the appointment one to two days beforehand. Be punctual and dress in business attire. The first contact is generally a get- to-know-you meeting, so don’t expect to close any business deals at this point. Chileans rarely make final decisions until they’ve discussed the details with upper management. Ace the small talk during your meeting: Business-like behaviour mixed with a bit of humour will take you a long way. Personal relationships are key to doing business in Chile, so expect some light conversation before getting down to business. Learn a little Spanish: Many Chilean businesspeople are well-educated professionals who travel internationally and speak English. But lower levels in the hierarchy may not speak English, so being able to speak Spanish or having someone on your team who speaks the language is strongly recom- mended. Product marketing and promotional materials should also be written in Spanish and your business cards should be printed with English on one side and Spanish on the other. Generally, cards are presented to everyone in a meeting. Engage local help: in Chile, having a local representative or partner is in- valuable. Good relationships with local contacts can help you solve problems, deal with logistical issues and handle follow-up calls with customers. You need someone on the ground to know the local processes and thinking. Large buyers may ask you for local presence to ensure quality after-sale service. When yes means no: Chileans generally don’t like to say no, so understand- ing body language is important. It’s more common to get a straight no in larger cities, but even there, your counterpart might say yes when they mean no. That’s why face-to-face meetings are best. You can walk away from a conference call thinking everything is splendid, but if you’d seen their face and body language, you’d know better. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT CHILE › Chile is one of the world’s largest producers of wine and is ranked as one of the top wine destinations to visit. › At 300 metres, the 64-storey Gran Torre Santiago is the tallest building in South America. › The Atacama Desert, a 1,600-kilo- metre strip of land, is one of the driest places on Earth and is used as an experimental site for expedi- tion simulations to Mars. FOR MORE INFORMATION › Visit EDC’s country and market info page about Chile. › Visit the Canadian Trade Commissioner Service pages about Chile. › Visit the Canada-Chilean Chamber of Commerce site. › Reach out to Christian Daroch, EDC’s senior regional manager for Chile. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 5 KEY ETIQUETTE TIPS CHILE 11 https://www.edc.ca/en/country-info/country/chile.html https://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/chile-chili/office-bureau/index.aspx?lang=eng&office=STAGO https://www.chile-canada-chamber.cl/inicio/ https://www.linkedin.com/in/christian-daroch-sagredo-a927613a/ PERU DOING BUSINESS IN EDC | Cultural tips for doing business in Latin America | April 2021 12 EDC | Cultural tips for doing business in Latin America | April 2021 PERU Establish personal contacts: Relationships are essential for your success, so it’s crucial to build confidence and trust from the offset. Prepare for your first meeting by learning more about them, their interests and common topics you may share. As you develop a rapport, invite your counterpart to lunch or dinner: a casual atmosphere can help build relationships over the long term. Speak the language: Most of Peru’s business class speaks and understands English. However, Peruvians feel more comfortable when a conversation can be held in their local language. While not a deal breaker at first, if you want to be successful over the long run, it’s wise that a key member of your company be fluent in Spanish. Appreciate the heritage: Peruvians are mostly proud of their food, cultural heritage and renowned landmarks, like Machu Picchu. Be open to learn more about the country and be prepared to speak about the local gastronomy and tourist attractions. Don’t be shy to ask for recommendations. They’ll be very valued. Reinforce Canada’s strengths: Canada is one of the largest international investors in the Peruvian mining sector, and Canadian companies and tech- nology are often regarded as some of the most competitive, reliable and inno- vative. Referring to Canada when doing business can be a great advantage for your market ventures. Exercise due diligence: Do your homework before meeting with a prospec- tive business partner and be mindful of conducting a comprehensive due diligence. Be prepared to examine the company’s track record, reliability, credit strength and reputation. Investigate all aspects of corporate social responsibility, especially those regarding environmental and social aspects. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT PERU › Machu Picchu was South America’s leading tourist attraction in 2020, and is one of the seven wonders of the world. › Peru has more than 3,000 types of potatoes, which are often used in its exquisite cuisine. › Peru has more than 90 microcli- mates, plus Lake Titicaca is the highest lake in the world at 3,485 metres. FOR MORE INFORMATION › Visit EDC’s country and market info page about Peru. › Visit the Canadian Trade Commissioner Service pages about Peru. › Visit the Canada-Peruvian Chamber of Commerce site. › Reach out to Rafael Castillo, EDC’s regional manager for Peru. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 5 KEY ETIQUETTE TIPS 13 https://www.edc.ca/en/country-info/country/peru.html https://www.tradecommissioner.gc.ca/peru-perou/index.aspx?lang=eng https://www.canadaperu.org https://www.linkedin.com/in/rafael-castillo-34970814/ ABOUT EXPORT DEVELOPMENT CANADA Who are we? Export Development Canada (EDC) is Canada’s export credit agency. Our job is to support and develop Canada’s export trade by helping Canadian companies respond to international business opportunities. We’re a self-financing Crown Corporation that operates at arm’s length from the Government of Canada. Disclaimer This document is a compilation of publicly available information. It’s not intended to provide specific advice and shouldn’t be relied on as such. It’s intended as an overview only. No action or decision should be taken without detailed independent research and professional advice concerning the specific subject matter of such action or decision. While Export Development Canada (EDC) has made reasonable commercial efforts to ensure that the information contained in this document is accurate, EDC doesn’t represent or warrant the accurateness, timeliness or completeness of the information contained herein. This document or any part of it may become obsolete at any time. It’s the user’s responsibility to verify any information contained herein before relying on such information. EDC isn’t liable in any manner whatsoever for any loss or damage caused by or resulting from any inaccuracies, errors or omissions in the information contained in this document. This document isn’t intended to and doesn’t constitute legal or tax advice. For legal or tax advice, please consult a qualified professional."

Women in Trade Empowering women entrepreneurs to realize their global potential. Learn about our services Export Development Canada (EDC) is dedicated to helping Canadian women-owned and -led businesses succeed on the global stage by providing the financial solutions and international insights they need to grow with confidence. We offer: Credit Insurance that makes it safer to do business overseas Financing and working capital solutions that help you pursue new opportunities The Export Guarantee Program that can help you access additional financing through your financial institution The benefits: Offer competitive payment terms without taking on more risk yourself Apply for coverage, get approved and manage your policy exclusively online Feel confident that you'll get paid, so you can focus on growing your business Subscriber benefits: Educational tools that help you learn how to export with confidence Exclusive guides, webinars and success stories with insights and practical advice on international trade Quick answers to your trade questions in our EDC Export Help Hub Have questions? Speak to a trade advisor today. We’re committed to helping women-owned and -led businesses grow into new markets. 12,700+ The number of Canadian women-owned companies exporting today. The proportion of women-owned small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) exporting has doubled from 2011 to 2017. 250% The percentage increase in export revenues seen by women-owned enterprises since 2011. $150B The incremental value that could be added to the economy by advancing women’s economic equality in Canada. Conference SheEO Global Summit Join the first-ever SheEO Global Summit, a gathering for women working on the world’s to-do list. Hear from a curated speaker lineup composed of thought leaders, including those from EDC. EDC Inclusive Trade Investments Program The EDC Inclusive Trade Investment Program addresses underfunding faced by women and other diverse exporters by providing equity capital to support growth in global markets. Learn more. Putting plans into action From success stories to step-by-step guides, discover how you can take your Canadian women-owned and-led business international. Guide Going global: Empowering women through trade EDC’s Women in Trade guide offers insights to help Canadian women-owned businesses succeed internationally Success Story PRANA Biovegan: Changing the world with healthy snacks Blog Women in trade: 3 benefits of strong global networks Latest articles Article Building your network: Strategies for women entrepreneurs Article With rising takeout sales, demand for Gallimore food containers spikes Article Empowering women in trade Article Pow Wow Pitch aims to help Indigenous entrepreneurs Blog Breaking down the barriers for women entrepreneurs Interested in growing your business? Please contact us weekdays between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. ET. 1-800-229-0575 Or send us a question and we’ll get back to you as soon as possible. Send a question. Date modified: 2019-03-01"

Guide to doing business in the United States When selling in the U.S., it's best to view the country as a series of regional markets. As Canada’s largest trading partner, the biggest economy and the richest market in the world, the United States truly is a land of opportunity for Canadian businesses. With a long history of free trade between our two countries, it’s also one of the most accessible markets for companies of any size. Doing Business in the United States is your guide to exporting to the U.S., so you can build your market entry strategy and boost your business south of the border. Access the first chapter Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Discover what the American market has to offer Set up your strategy Choose a market entry strategy that will lead your business to success Find your place in the market Learn which states hold the most opportunity for your product or service Learn the rules of origin Stay updated on rules of origin and other trade compliance laws Contents The U.S. market Regional markets of the United States Planning your market entry to the U.S Trade compliance Logistics of trade with the U.S Finding help and information when exporting to the U.S Don’t have a MyEDC account yet? Register to unlock access to international insights, webinars, and resources that help you mitigate risk and grow your business. Register now Log In Loading Thank you! We hope you find this information useful. Date modified: 2018-10-23"

Cultivating a positive work environment requires that we instill an environment that is free from harassment, discrimination and intimidation. We do not tolerate or behave in a manner or act in a way that harasses, degrades or discriminates against others. › Treating everyone with professionalism, consideration and respect. › Listening to other points of view, keeping in mind that we achieve better results when we work collaboratively together. › Never bullying, demeaning or intimidating another person. › Fostering an inclusive environment where individual differences are valued and welcomed. › Encouraging each other to speak freely and treating all opinions with respect. › Focusing solely on a person’s qualifications, abilities, experience and performance when making employment related decisions. › Being conscientious about how our actions and comments might be perceived or misunderstood by others. › Avoiding actions that someone else might interpret as intimidation, bullying or favouritism. Discrimination is any distinction, exclusion or preference based on race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, age, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, marital status, family status, genetic characteristics, disability and conviction for an offence for which a pardon has been granted or in respect of which a record suspension has been ordered. Harassment is any behaviour that has the effect of demeaning, humiliating or embarrassing a person and which a reasonable person should know is unwelcome. Such behaviours can include written or verbal comments, unwanted sexual behaviour or physical assault. WE SUCCEED BY: WE SUCCEED BY: Our related policies, guidelines and procedures are available on LiveWire. 22 | EDC Code of Conduct SECTION 4: WE STAND FOR RESPECT WITH EACH OTHER We Strive to Create a Healthy and Safe Workplace EDC is committed to ensuring a healthy and safe work environment. As individuals we also take accountability for our own health and wellness and are expected to take steps to protect the safety of others. › Complying with relevant health and safety policies and applicable laws. › Raising concern if a situation appears unsafe or if asked to perform a task that we feel is unsafe. › Performing our work responsibilities while not impaired by alcohol or drugs. › Knowing that threats, intimidation, aggression or violent behaviour of any kind will not be tolerated. WE SUCCEED BY: Our related policies, guidelines and procedures are available on LiveWire. SECTION 1 EDC Code of Conduct | 23 We Stand for Strengthening Our Society SECTION 5 24 | EDC Code of Conduct SECTION 5: WE STAND FOR STRENGTHENING OUR SOCIETY We Respect Human Rights EDC embraces the role we play in the global environment through our involvement as an organization as well as evaluating the impact of the transactions we support. We are committed to upholding our legal and international obligations, and actively working to implement the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and promoting individual health and welfare. We Are Dedicated to Corporate Social Responsibility We strive to carry out our business in a socially responsible manner with a focus on longer term business success and sustainability for our customers and for EDC. We integrate values such as honesty, respect, fairness and integrity into our daily business practices. We recognize that our day-to-day operations have a number of direct and indirect impacts on society and the environment. By fostering a culture of broader business risk awareness, we position our customers to help mitigate and manage negative impacts of their business, setting them up for longer term success and business sustainability. › Treating others with dignity and respect and upholding human rights. › Watching for indicators of exploitation of people, physical punishment or abuse, or involuntary servitude in the transactions we support. › Identifying and assessing the impact that our transactions may have on the human rights of individuals and structuring our potential support to prevent and mitigate these impacts as much as possible. › Reviewing and understanding the environmental and social impacts of the transactions and businesses we support. › Conducting our business in a transparent manner as possible, in order to maintain stakeholder trust and confidence. › Adopting initiatives that foster sustainable business and environmental responsibility. WE SUCCEED BY: WE SUCCEED BY: Our related policies, guidelines and procedures are available on LiveWire. SECTION 1 EDC Code of Conduct | 25 We Stand for Our Reputation SECTION 6 SECTION 1: WE STAND FOR ETHICS AND INTEGRITY 26 | EDC Code of Conduct SECTION 6: WE STAND FOR OUR REPUTATION Message from our Vice-President and Chief Compliance & Ethics Officer There are two old sayings that resonate in the world of business ethics. One tells us: “Perception is reality.” The other says: “Appearances are everything.” Now that you’ve had an opportunity to review the contents of EDC’s Code of Conduct, you’ve probably realized that both sayings speak to a very real truth for all of us at EDC: perception is reality; appearances are everything. In the Code, both concepts are cited repeatedly. The word “perceive” is referenced almost 10 times, while “appears” or “appearance” shows up in half a dozen references. These references tell us that it’s not enough just to behave ethically. We have to appear to be ethical at all times. That is an extremely high standard indeed—and one we’re expected to meet. As we advance toward our ambitious corporate targets, EDC’s business will only become faster-paced and more complex. Where there is complexity, there is always the risk of ethical misconduct—often inadvertent. By taking the time to review the Code, you’ve taken an important step towards helping our organization manage these ethical risks. But, of course, no single document can perfectly capture every situation we may confront. There will always be “judgement calls.” So, as important a tool as the Code of Conduct is, remember: it is only one of many available to you. Each of us also has access to the years of experience and good judgement of our fellow EDC employees, our leaders, and of course, you can always contact my team, in the Compliance & Ethics office, or me. Which reminds me of another old saying: “When in doubt… ask for help.” That’s what we’re here for. And that’s the way, working together, we’ll meet the standards expected of us—both in appearance and reality. Sincerely, Scott Driscoll Scott Driscoll Vice-President and Chief Compliance & Ethics Officer EDC Code of Conduct | 27 SECTION 6: WE STAND FOR OUR REPUTATION We Know that Speaking Up Protects Our Reputation We take pride in being a part of EDC and helping protect the Company’s reputation. Integrity starts with our individual actions and decisions. When we need further guidance on a provision in our Code, or we see something that raises concern or could be a potential wrongdoing, we have a duty and obligation to speak up. It takes courage to speak up, however, doing so is working for the good of EDC, our colleagues, customers and our reputation. Raising a concern in good faith simply means that we have raised a concern that we believe to be true and the information was reported with no malicious intent. OUR CODE RESOURCES QUESTIONS OR ADVICE › Disclosure Hub › Your leader › Any other EDC leader › Legal Services › Compliance & Ethics › Vice-President and Chief Compliance & Ethics Officer (also EDC’s Senior Officer for Internal Disclosures (SOID)) OPTIONS FOR REPORTING CONCERNS › Vice-President and Chief Compliance & Ethics Officer and SOID – By telephone: 613-598-3067 – By email: sdriscoll@edc.ca › Your leader › Third Party Confidential Disclosure Line – 1-866-335-2053 (to be used within Canada and the USA) – 1-647-439-9463 (to be used as a collect call outside Canada and the USA) – Or via the web at www.clearviewconnects.com Our related policies, guidelines and procedures are available on LiveWire. An additional external option to raise concerns about wrongdoings is the Public Sector Integrity Commissioner of Canada (PSIC). http://www.clearviewconnects.com https://www.canada.ca/en/treasury-board-secretariat/topics/values-ethics/disclosure-protection.html Board Approved December 8, 2017"

First off, it’s important to remember that while EVs represent a new segment of the auto sector market, the majority of the changes are associated with the powertrain and chassis development. Many other features of the vehicle, including the sheet metal, seating, and instrument panels, aren’t dependent on the powertrain. If you’re a supplier of these “traditional” components, the opportunities remain unchanged as the auto industry transitions to EVs.

For companies that supply traditional internal combustion engine (ICE) components, suppliers should look for component/sub-system solutions that leverage existing manufacturing/technology strengths. For example, work in thermal management for ICE systems can be leveraged to help develop similar systems for EVs. New and innovative offerings are typically well received by companies in the EV sector.

One area where there’s a risk of over-supply or commoditization (products are essentially identical to those of a rival company) is in the design and manufacturing of battery trays or enclosures. Many companies seeking a new product idea have been heavily investing in this space. While there are opportunities with the advent of new advanced materials, structural incorporation, and the like, there are risks that competition could potentially drive down prices.

Additional resources

• Ontario Secures Largest Auto Investment in Province’s History | Ontario newsroom
• Driving Prosperity: The Future of Ontario’s Automotive Sector
• Automotive | Invest in Canada 
• Electrification of transportation will change the utility business | PWC Canada

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Turkey needs to rapidly adapt to the global trends driving change in key sectors. For instance, the Turkish automotive industry hasn’t fully adapted to the transformation towards electrical vehicles (EVs). Currently, Turkey has the fourth-largest automotive industry in Europe, primarily supporting original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) for the European markets. But it hasn’t yet made the necessary investments to modernize its infrastructure to meet the growing demands for EVs.

The government has outlined initiatives to facilitate a more competitive manufacturing base, especially to support investments in R&D, digital transformation and Industry 4.0—the latest evolution in manufacturing technologies and processes that’s also called the fourth industrial revolution.

Over the next decade, Turkey plans to invest approximately US$1 billion to US$1.5 billion annually to make the country a global production and technology centre for innovation and digital transformation.

With these commitments and funding in place, major procurement opportunities are emerging. There’s increasing demand for technologies such as automation platforms, sensors, artificial intelligence (AI), robotics, big data and cloud services, cybersecurity, Internet of Things (LoT), product simulation and modelling. Canadian companies can take advantage by taking a focused and proactive approach to the Turkish market.

Additional resources

• Exploring Canada’s cleantech sector | Export Development Canada (EDC)
• Doing business in Turkey | EDC
• What is Industry 4.0? | Business Development Bank of Canada (BDC)

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